This book considers a major re-organiation of the police that took place in the later 1880s, following the final annexation of the Burmese Kingdom. This is followed by a chapter on the socio-economic condition of the Indian military police in Upper Burma. Then, the book advances to explore the arguments put forth at the time for the alleged high levels of crime in colonial Burma, and the effectiveness of the police in suppressing crime. The final chapter describes and analyses the police in Burma during the 1930s, when it faced its most severe challenges. The book focuses on three central themes. The first is the issue of consent, and the extent to which the colonial administration had to use coercion to maintain the political and social order, particularly in the final full decade of British rule. The second critical theme is to consider how the policing of colonial Burma might be assessed; how might success be determined. And, finally, the crucial theme of race is approached as a response to the question of how Burma became policed largely by foreign police and how the indigenous population reacted to it.